Dendrite:Dendrites are branched projections of a neuron that receive and process electrical impulses and chemical signals from the axons of other neurons.
Soma, Cell Body: The soma (or cell body) contains the nucleus and essential organelles, serving as the neuron's metabolic and genetic center to maintain the cell's structure and function.
Axon: The axon is a long, slender projection that extends from the cell body and transmits the electrical impulse, known as an action potential, away to other neurons, muscles, or glands.
Axon Terminal:The axon terminals are the specialized endings of the axon that release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft to communicate with the target cells.
Myelin Sheath: The myelin sheath is a fatty, insulating layer that wraps around the axon, significantly increasing the speed and efficiency of electrical impulse transmission.
Node of Ranvier:Nodes of Ranvier are periodic gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon that allow the action potential to "jump" from node to node, enabling faster signal conduction
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