Mental Illness

Mental Illness

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Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Personality Disorders

• Schizophrenia: A chronic mental disorder characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self, and behavior, including hallucinations and delusions

• Schizoaffective Disorder: A disorder characterized by a major mood episode (depressive or manic) concurrent with symptoms of schizophrenia

• Schizophreniform Disorder: A disorder with symptoms identical to schizophrenia but lasting less than six months

• Delusional Disorder: A disorder characterized by the presence of one or more delusions lasting at least one month without other psychotic symptoms

• Brief Psychotic Disorder: A disorder characterized by sudden onset of psychotic symptoms lasting at least one day but less than one month

• Catatonia: A syndrome characterized by marked psychomotor disturbances, including immobility, excessive motor activity, extreme negativism, or peculiar movements

• Bipolar I Disorder: A disorder characterized by at least one manic episode, which may be preceded or followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes

• Bipolar II Disorder: A disorder characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode, without full manic episodes

• Cyclothymic Disorder: A disorder characterized by chronic fluctuating mood disturbance with numerous periods of hypomanic and depressive symptoms lasting at least two years

• Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD): A childhood disorder characterized by severe recurrent temper outbursts and persistent irritable or angry mood

• Major Depressive Disorder (MDD): A disorder characterized by one or more major depressive episodes with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, and other symptoms

• Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia): A chronic form of depression characterized by depressed mood for most of the day, more days than not, for at least two years

• Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): A disorder characterized by mood symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and remit shortly after menstruation

• Separation Anxiety Disorder: Excessive anxiety concerning separation from home or attachment figures beyond what is expected for developmental level

• Selective Mutism: Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations despite speaking in other situations

• Specific Phobia: Marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation that is out of proportion to the actual danger posed

• Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia): Marked fear or anxiety about social situations in which the individual may be scrutinized by others

• Panic Disorder: Recurrent unexpected panic attacks followed by persistent concern about additional attacks or maladaptive behavioral changes

• Agoraphobia: Marked fear or anxiety about situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable in the event of panic symptoms

• Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Excessive anxiety and worry about various events or activities, occurring more days than not for at least six months

• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): A disorder characterized by the presence of obsessions (recurrent intrusive thoughts) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviors or mental acts)

• Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others

• Hoarding Disorder: Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value, leading to accumulation that clutters living areas

• Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder): Recurrent pulling out of one's hair resulting in hair loss, despite repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior

• Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder: Recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions, despite repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior

• Reactive Attachment Disorder: A pattern of inhibited, emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers due to insufficient care in early childhood

• Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder: A pattern of overly familiar behavior with unfamiliar adults due to insufficient care in early childhood

• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A disorder that develops after exposure to traumatic events, characterized by intrusion symptoms, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and alterations in arousal

• Acute Stress Disorder: A disorder similar to PTSD but occurring within three days to one month following trauma exposure

• Adjustment Disorder: The development of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to an identifiable stressor occurring within three months of onset

• Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID): A disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states with discontinuity in sense of self and agency

• Dissociative Amnesia: An inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, inconsistent with ordinary forgetting

• Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder: Persistent or recurrent experiences of feeling detached from one's mental processes or body (depersonalization) or experiences of unreality of surroundings (derealization)

• Somatic Symptom Disorder: One or more somatic symptoms that are distressing or result in significant disruption of daily life, with excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to the symptoms

• Illness Anxiety Disorder: Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness despite absence or minimal somatic symptoms

• Conversion Disorder: One or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function incompatible with recognized neurological or medical conditions

• Factitious Disorder: Falsification of physical or psychological signs or symptoms, or induction of injury or disease, associated with identified deception

• Pica: Persistent eating of non-nutritive, non-food substances over a period of at least one month

• Rumination Disorder: Repeated regurgitation of food for at least one month, which may be rechewed, reswallowed, or spit out

• Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): An eating or feeding disturbance resulting in persistent failure to meet nutritional and/or energy needs

• Anorexia Nervosa: Restriction of energy intake leading to significantly low body weight, intense fear of gaining weight, and disturbance in the way body weight or shape is experienced

• Bulimia Nervosa: Recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain

• Binge-Eating Disorder: Recurrent episodes of binge eating without the regular use of inappropriate compensatory behaviors characteristic of bulimia nervosa

• Alcohol Use Disorder: A problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress

• Cannabis Use Disorder: A problematic pattern of cannabis use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress

• Opioid Use Disorder: A problematic pattern of opioid use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress

• Stimulant Use Disorder: A problematic pattern of stimulant use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress

• Tobacco Use Disorder: A problematic pattern of tobacco use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress

• Gambling Disorder: Persistent and recurrent problematic gambling behavior leading to clinically significant impairment or distress

• Internet Gaming Disorder: Persistent and recurrent use of the Internet to engage in games, leading to clinically significant impairment or distress (condition for further study)